The neurologic specialty area within the physical therapy profession includes the treatment of developmental, systemic, and traumatic disorders that affect the neuromuscular system and the use of preventive, evaluative, and rehabilitative physical therapy procedures that are appropriate to this patient population. The board-certified clinical specialist in neurologic physical therapy is a specialist in the effective and efficient examination, treatment, and reassessment of persons of all ages with neurologic dysfunction.

In 1982 the APTA House of Delegates approved board certification in the area of neurology. The first neurology specialist certification examination was administered in 1987. As of June 2023, ABPTS has certified 4,557 neurologic physical therapy specialists.